How Do You Tell if Amber is Real?
Authentic amber, fossilized tree resin, is a beautiful and valuable material. Unfortunately, the market is flooded with imitations, making it crucial to know how to identify genuine amber. This guide will equip you with the knowledge to distinguish real amber from its counterfeits. We'll explore various tests, from simple at-home methods to more advanced techniques.
What are the common imitations of amber?
Before diving into identification methods, it's important to understand what you might be mistaking for amber. Common imitations include:
- Copal: A younger resin that's often mistaken for amber. It's softer and less dense than amber.
- Plastic: Many plastics are designed to mimic the appearance of amber.
- Glass: Skillfully crafted glass can be incredibly convincing.
- Polymer: Various polymers are used to create artificial amber-like objects.
Simple Tests to Identify Real Amber at Home:
Several simple tests can help you determine if your piece is likely real amber. Remember, these tests are not foolproof, and a combination of tests is recommended for the most accurate results.
1. The Saltwater Test:
This is a popular home test. Amber's density is lower than salt water.
- How to: Dissolve a generous amount of salt into a glass of water (it should be saturated – no more salt will dissolve). If your piece floats, it's likely amber. If it sinks, it's probably a fake. However, some high-density amber might sink slightly, so consider this test in conjunction with others.
2. The Heat Test (Use Caution!):
This test requires careful attention and should only be performed on a small, inconspicuous area.
- How to: Carefully heat a needle and touch it to the amber. Real amber will release a distinct piney scent. Avoid overheating as this can damage the piece. Be aware that some plastics may also release a smell, but it won't be the same as amber's piney aroma.
3. The UV Light Test:
Many types of amber fluoresce under UV light.
- How to: Shine a UV light (black light) on the amber. Authentic amber typically displays fluorescence, often a bluish or greenish glow. However, not all amber fluoresces, and some plastics might also exhibit fluorescence. This test should not be relied upon solely.
4. The Touch Test:
Amber, while hard, can still feel slightly warm to the touch after being held for a short time. This warmth comes from the resin's properties and is not a definitive test, however. It could simply be the temperature of your hand transferring to the item.
More Advanced Techniques:
For a definitive answer, especially when dealing with valuable pieces, more advanced methods are needed.
1. Professional Gemological Testing:
A qualified gemologist can perform various tests, including refractive index measurements and spectroscopy, to accurately identify amber and distinguish it from imitations. This is the most reliable method.
Is there a difference between Baltic Amber and other types of amber?
Yes, there are many different types of amber, with Baltic amber being one of the most well-known. While the tests described above are applicable to most types of amber, some differences exist. Baltic amber, for example, is often characterized by the presence of succinic acid. Specialized tests can determine the presence and concentration of succinic acid, helping authenticate Baltic amber.
How can I be sure I'm buying real amber?
Buying amber from reputable dealers and jewelers is your best bet. Check reviews and ensure the seller provides information about the amber's origin and authenticity. Don't hesitate to ask for certificates of authenticity if dealing with high-value pieces.
By combining these methods and using careful observation, you can significantly increase your chances of identifying real amber. Remember that a single test isn’t conclusive – a combination of tests provides the most reliable results. If in doubt, always seek professional evaluation.
